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it BUILDING PLANNING l , , I Crishes other than textiles. NFPA 286 is known as a R302.10 Flame spread index and smoke-developed index .11"room corner"fire test. In this test, a fire source consist- for insulation.Flame spread and smoke-developed index for ing of a wood crib is placed in the corner of a compart- insulation shall be in accordance with Sections R302.10.1 a ment.The materials tested are then placed on the walls through R302.10.5. ; of the compartment (see Commentary Figure • Section R302.10 addresses insulatingmaterials 15 iry R302.9.4). This generally provides a more realistic 11I understanding of the hazards involved with the materi- installed in building spaces. Insulating materials can 4 als. affect fire development and fire spread and,therefore, I i Two levels of exposures are used during an NFPA 1 are regulated. Insulation has requirements for flame cal spread, smoke development, critical radiant flux and i�,I 286 fire test to better represent a growing fire.The first F testing is a 40-kW fire size for 5 minutes and then a 160-kW , which are addressed in the following subset- I.:IM exposure for 10 minutes. The 40-kW exposure rep- tons.There are unique testing requirements for loose- 4411 resents the beginning of a fire where the initial spread is fill insulations. GI critical. Therefore, the staled criterion is that the fire R302.10.1 Insulation. Insulation materials, including fac- cannot spread to the ceiling. The 160-kW exposure is logs, such as vapor retarders and vapor-permeable mem- i' � obviously a more intense fire and the criterion relates to branes installed within floor-ceiling assemblies, roof-ceiling il preventing flashover(as defined by NFPA 286)and the assemblies, wall assemblies, crawl spaces and attics shall extent of flame spread throughout the entire test have a flame spread index not to exceed 25 with an accompa- I assembly.There is also a peak heat release limit of 800 nying smoke-developed index not to exceed 450 where tested kw and a total smoke production limit of 1,000 square in accordance with ASTM E84 or UL 723.In feet(92.9 ')for both levels of exposure. Exceptions: 'I It should be noted that the flashover criteria for NFPA 1. Where such materials arein concealed installed led 286 are as follows: ;.1', spaces, the flame spread index and smoke-devel- I • Heat release exceeds 1 MW, aped index limitations do not apply to the facings, • Heat flux at the floor exceeds 20 kW/m2, provided that the facing is installed in substantial 1 • • Average upper layer temperature exceeds contact with the unexposed surface of the ceiling, 600°C (1112°F), floor or wall finish. ' ,,i 41111. 2. Cellulose fiber loose-fill insulation,that is not spray I' • Flames exit the doorway, andn 7 • Autoignition of paper target on the floor occurs, applied,complying with the requirements of Section ( R302.10.3,shall not be required to meet the smoke- developed index of not more than 450 and shall be rl required to meet a smoke-developed index of not it more than 450 where tested in accordance with CAN/ULC S 102.2. 12 FT k2 IN. 3. Foam plastic insulation shall comply with Section R316. 4 Section R302.10.1 addresses the various insulating materials that may be installed in building spaces, • I 30 IN.±0.25 IN. I including insulating baits, blankets, fills (including � vapor barriers and vapor-permeable membranes)and � A�I 8 FT s 2 IN. �� other coverings. Exposed Insulating materials repre- (•.il 1 sent the same fire exposure hazard as any other • ' • exposed material,such as an interior finish.The provi- sions of Sections R302.10.2, R302.10.3 and —,r R302.10.4, as well as the foam plastic provisions of Section R316, should also be reviewed based on the 'IIt i actual type of insulation and how it is installed. As a I general requirement,insulation,including facings used i� k 8 FT 321 / 801N.20.25 IN. as vapor retarders or as breather papers, must have a flame spread index not in excess of 25 and a smoke- ;r developed index not in excess of 450. These values •iti I•I limit the contribution of the insulation to a fire. The u� ' For SI: 1 Inch=25.4 mm, t foot=304.8 mm flame spread requirement of 25 for the insulation will be more limiting than the 200, which is accepted for • • Figure R302.9.4 interior finishes by Section R302.9. The test method Ii'. lirINTERIOR FIRE TEST ROOM DIMENSIONS used to establish these limits is either ASTM E84 or UL 723. See the commentary to Section R302.9.3 for II additional information. II i 2015 INTERNATIONAL RESIDENTIAL CODE'COMMENTARY 3.59 , II